Dawid Dobies / Training demand
Analytical study · August 2026

How many people need training and how many stations that takes

Put in the number of vehicles in your unit and the crew size, and you get how many crews have to be trained, how many hours that is a year, and how many trainer stations it takes. Below, for scale, the same calculation for equipment under contract in fifteen countries of Central, Eastern and Northern Europe. The vehicle figures there come from executive contracts and public announcements; everything else is arithmetic on assumptions you can change and check.

10,883armoured, artillery and support vehicles under contract in fifteen countries
36,439crew positions to be filled and trained
15,331of those fall to Poland, which is 42 per cent of the region
Work it out for yourself

Your unit, your numbers

Set the number of vehicles and the crew size to yours, and the rest of the sliders to your conditions. The default is a tank battalion: fifty-eight vehicles with three crew each. Everything here is annual, because that is how a training year works. Below, for comparison, the same assumptions applied to the whole region.

58
A company is usually 13 to 14 vehicles, a tank battalion 58, a mechanised battalion around 60.
3
Three for a tank with an autoloader, four with a loader, five for self-propelled artillery.
48
Sustainment training in the annual cycle. The US standard is four hours a month per crew, which is 48 a year.
70
Taking a commander and gunner pair to advanced level is 62 to 81 trainer hours according to FM 17-12-7.
20%
New crews after departures, postings and unit expansion. These go through the full programme, not sustainment.
900
Allows for downtime, servicing and the fact that a station does not run three shifts.
1
Stations at one garrison will not serve a unit at another. Each location needs its own minimum.
35%
Evenly spread it would be 25 per cent. New crews arrive in waves, so it is higher in practice, and capacity has to cover the peak rather than the average.
Your unit
Crews established 58 one crew per vehicle
People in crews 174 all crew positions
New crews in the year 12 these go through the full programme, not sustainment
Training year
Trainer hours a year 3,039 2,227 sustainment plus 812 for new crews
Trainer stations 5 5 per location × 1
Utilisation at the peak 95% annual average 68%, that is 608 of 900 hours

On these assumptions the unit needs five trainer stations.

For comparison: the whole region

What kind of stations, and how many

The tables below run the same calculation across all equipment under contract in fifteen countries, on the same assumptions you set above. Here the vehicle count and crew size come from the contracts, not from the sliders. Dispersion across garrisons is not applied here, because it cannot be estimated honestly for fifteen countries, so the station figures in the tables are a lower bound.

Demand by equipment category, whole region
Equipment category Vehicles Crew positions New crews a year Hours a year Stations Type of trainer

Crew size is the average across the entries in that category. The stations column gives the number of trainer stations needed to work through that category's hours in the time set above.

By country

Where the demand sits

Demand by country
Country Vehicles Crew positions New crews a year Hours a year Stations

Ukraine is counted only for equipment covered by contracts and transfers documented in public sources, so the figure understates the real scale.

What follows

What these numbers mean

The scale is different from what is usually assumed

Conversations about simulation normally revolve around single devices: one full-mission simulator, two stations, maybe four. At thirty-six thousand crew positions and delivery windows closing around 2030 this is a different class of problem. The question is not whether to buy a simulator, but how many stations have to run in parallel for the programme to close at all.

The largest category is not tanks

Main battle tanks account for under two thousand vehicles. Wheeled carriers and other wheeled vehicles account for more than five thousand. Battalion support vehicles, command vehicles and medical evacuation vehicles together come to nearly eleven hundred vehicles, which is over three and a half thousand crew positions. That category is almost never part of the conversation about simulation, because they are not combat platforms.

Turnover changes the nature of the problem

At zero turnover the demand is one-off and drops to nothing once the first cohort is through. At a realistic figure in the low double digits it never goes away. That is the difference between buying a device for one programme and building a standing training capability, and it is a question to settle before the requirement is written rather than after.

What this calculation does not cover

How this is calculated
  • crews = number of vehicles, one crew per vehicle
  • crew positions = number of vehicles × crew size
  • new crews in the year = number of vehicles × share replaced
  • sustainment hours = number of vehicles × (100% − share replaced) × hours for a trained crew
  • hours for new crews = number of vehicles × share replaced × hours for a new crew
  • hours per year = sustainment hours + hours for new crews
  • station capacity = station hours per year × (25% ÷ share of the busiest quarter)
  • stations per location = hours per year ÷ locations ÷ station capacity, rounded up
  • stations in total = stations per location × locations
  • utilisation at the peak = hours per year × share of the busiest quarter ÷ (stations × station hours ÷ 4)

The last two assumptions are what separates a paper calculation from planning. Station capacity is sized on the busiest quarter rather than the annual average, because new crews arrive in waves and the schedule cannot be stretched. Stations also cannot be averaged across garrisons, because the equipment sits in one place. Both factors raise the result, and both follow from how a training year works rather than from what I would like to sell you.

Vehicle figures come from executive contracts and public announcements, with framework agreements distinguished from firm orders where that distinction exists. Crew sizes follow the established establishment for each vehicle type. The four slider values are parameters, not data. The model assumes full utilisation of stations, so the real figure will be higher by however much the training schedule is less than perfectly packed.

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